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ARDUINO BLUETOOTH INTERFACING – SIMPLEST TUTORIAL ON BLUETOOTH BASICS

Wall's Corners

Link Author

Title: ARDUINO BLUETOOTH INTERFACING – SIMPLEST TUTORIAL ON BLUETOOTH BASICS
Author: Wall's Corners
Rating 5 of 5 Des:

Ever thought of controlling any of your electronic devices with your smart phone? Your robot or any other device? Won’t it be cool to contro...

<p>Ever thought of controlling any of your electronic devices with your smart phone? Your robot or any other device? Won’t it be cool to control them with your smartphone? Here is a simple and basic tutorial for interfacing an Android Smartphone with <a href="http://bit.ly/1XReOgM" itemprop="url" target="_bank" title="Arduino"><strong>Arduino</strong></a> via Bluetooth. Arduino bluetooth Basic Tutorial!</p>
<h4>What are the stuff required to do this project?</h4>
<p><a href="http://bit.ly/1rVsSM0" target="_blank"><img alt="arduino bluetooth" class="alignright size-full wp-image-8222" height="405" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px" src="http://bit.ly/1rVsSM0" srcset="http://bit.ly/1OAQxGo 400x, http://bit.ly/1rVsHQS 296x" width="400" /></a></p>
<p>Hardware</p>
<ol>
<li>Bluetooth Module HC 05/06</li>
<li>Arduino & Battery (with cable)</li>
<li>LED</li>
<li>220Ω Resistor</li>
<li>Android device</li>
</ol>
<p>Software</p>
<ol>
<li>Arduino IDE</li>
<li>Android Studio.</li>
</ol>
<p> </p>
<p>The android studio is not really required here, since I will provide you with the android application I made. You can install the given .apk file to use the application. <img alt=":)" class="wp-smiley" src="http://bit.ly/1VNqWSO" style="height: 1em; max-height: 1em;" /></p>
<h4>How does it work?</h4>
<p>There are three main parts to this project. An Android smartphone, a bluetooth transceiver and an Arduino.</p>
<p><a href="http://bit.ly/1OAQA53" target="_blank"><img alt="arduino bluetooth" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-8230" height="120" sizes="(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px" src="http://bit.ly/1OAQA53" srcset="http://bit.ly/1rVsXiY 600x, http://bit.ly/1OAQxpX 300x" width="600" /></a></p>
<p>HC 05/06 works on serial communication. Here the android app is designed to send serial data to the <a href="http://bit.ly/1rVsIo6" itemprop="url" target="_bank" title="Using Arduino with Parts and Sensors – Solar Powered Arduino (Part 1)"><strong>arduino</strong></a> bluetooth module when a button is pressed on the app. The <a href="http://bit.ly/1OAQGd1" itemprop="url" target="_bank" title="Arduino Wars: Genuino vs the Phantom Arduino and the Clones"><strong>arduino</strong></a> bluetooth module at other end receives the data and sends it to the Ardunio through the TX pin of bluetooth module(connected to RX pin of Arduino). The code uploaded to Arduino checks the received data and compares. If received data is 1 the <a href="http://bit.ly/1WT6RcH" itemprop="url" target="_bank" title="LED"><strong>LED</strong></a> turns ON. And it turns OFF when received data is 0. You can open the serial monitor and watch the received data while connected.</p>
<h4>STEP 1: Connecting the Arduino Bluetooth hardware</h4>
<p><a href="http://bit.ly/1OAQsT9" target="_blank"><img alt="arduino bluetooth" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-8223" height="423" sizes="(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px" src="http://bit.ly/1OAQsT9" srcset="http://bit.ly/1rVsYDu 600x, http://bit.ly/1OAQE4X 300x" width="600" /></a></p>
<p>The circuit is so simple and small. There are only four connections to be made between Arduino & Bluetooth module!!</p>
<p>Arduino Pins     Bluetooth Pins</p>
<p>RX (Pin 0)     ———>     TX</p>
<p>TX (Pin 1)     ———>      RX</p>
<p>5V                 ———>      VCC</p>
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<p>GND             ———>      GND</p>
<p>Connect an LED positive to pin 13 of Arduino through a resistance(valued between 220Ω – 1KΩ). Connect its negative to GND. And you are done with the circuit! <img alt=":)" class="wp-smiley" src="http://bit.ly/1VNqWSO" style="height: 1em; max-height: 1em;" /></p>
<div id="attachment_8224" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="http://bit.ly/1rVsP2S" target="_blank"><img alt="arduino bluetooth" class="wp-image-8224 size-full" height="302" sizes="(max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px" src="http://bit.ly/1rVsP2S" srcset="http://bit.ly/1OAQASN 450x, http://bit.ly/1rVt3ac 300x" width="450" /></a>
<p class="wp-caption-text">You can connect the Bluetooth module to the Arduino using a set of jumper wires and a connector.</p>
</div>
<p><em>Note : </em><em>Don’t  Connect RX to RX and TX to TX of Bluetooth </em><em>and Arduino. You will receive no data. Here TX means Transmit and RX means Receive.</em></p>
<h4>STEP 2: Upload Sketch to Arduino</h4>
<div>
<pre>
<code>char data = 0;                //Variable for storing received data
void setup() 
{
  Serial.begin(9600);         //Sets the data rate in bits per second (baud) for serial data transmission
  pinMode(13, OUTPUT);        //Sets digital pin 13 as output pin
}
void loop()
{
  if(Serial.available() > 0)  // Send data only when you receive data:
  {
    data = Serial.read();      //Read the incoming data and store it into variable data
    Serial.print(data);        //Print Value inside data in Serial monitor
    Serial.print("\n");        //New line 
    if(data == '1')            //Checks whether value of data is equal to 1 
      digitalWrite(13, HIGH);  //If value is 1 then LED turns ON
    else if(data == '0')       //Checks whether value of data is equal to 0
      digitalWrite(13, LOW);   //If value is 0 then LED turns OFF
  }                            
 
}</code>
</pre></div>
<p>Upload the given sketch to Arduino using the Arduino IDE software, you can also get it from here: <a href="http://bit.ly/1OAQKcT" target="_blank">Github</a></p>
<h4>STEP3: Install the android application</h4>
<p><a href="http://bit.ly/1rVsEEN" target="_blank"><img alt="arduino bluetooth" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-8226" height="225" sizes="(max-width: 225px) 100vw, 225px" src="http://bit.ly/1rVsEEN" srcset="http://bit.ly/1OAQFpl 225x, http://bit.ly/1rVsH3w 150x" width="225" /></a></p>
<p>In this tutorial, I will not be covering Android app development. You can download the android application from here and the source code of the entire project.</p>
<ul>
<li>Download the Application from <a href="http://amzn.to/1OAQHxw" target="_blank">Amazon App Store</a> or <a href="http://bit.ly/1OAQKcT" target="_blank">Github</a></li>
<li>Pair your device with HC 05/06 bluetooth module:</li>
<li>1. Turn ON HC 05/06 bluetooth module by powering the Arduino.</li>
<li>2. Scan smartphone for available devices.</li>
<li>3. Pair to HC 05/06 by entering default password 1234 OR 0000.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Install LED application on your android device.</li>
<li>Open the Application</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="http://bit.ly/1rVsSMh" target="_blank"><img alt="arduino bluetooth" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-8228" height="400" sizes="(max-width: 401px) 100vw, 401px" src="http://bit.ly/1rVsSMh" srcset="http://bit.ly/1OAQx9s 401x, http://bit.ly/1rVsRYL 150x, http://bit.ly/1OAQGtz 300x" width="401" /></a></p>
<ul>
<li>Press paired devices</li>
<li>Select your Bluetooth module from the List (HC-05/06)</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="http://bit.ly/1rVsIo8" target="_blank"><img alt="arduino bluetooth" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-8229" height="400" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px" src="http://bit.ly/1rVsIo8" srcset="http://bit.ly/1OAQESo 400x, http://bit.ly/1rVsDAF 150x, http://bit.ly/1OAQBGj 300x" width="400" /></a></p>
<ul>
<li>After connecting successfully, press ON button to turn ON LED and OFF button to turn OFF LED.</li>
<li>Disconnect button to disconnect from bluetooth module.</li>
</ul>
<div id="attachment_8231" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="http://bit.ly/1rVsYU0" target="_blank"><img alt="arduino bluetooth" class="wp-image-8231 size-full" height="480" src="http://bit.ly/1rVsYU0" width="640" /></a>
<p class="wp-caption-text">And here is how it works!!</p>
</div>
<p>This is just basic tutorial on interfacing bluetooth module with Arduino. This project can improved to higher level like Home automation using smartphone, Smartphone controlled robot and much more.</p>
<p>You can watch the video tutorial over here:</p>
<p><iframe width="678" height="381" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/azxshrFSgnA?feature=oembed" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen=""></iframe></p>
<p> </p>
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ARDUINO BLUETOOTH INTERFACING – SIMPLEST TUTORIAL ON BLUETOOTH BASICS

Ever thought of controlling any of your electronic devices with your smart phone? Your robot or any other device? Won’t it be cool to contro...

MOBILE CONTROLLED ROBOT: BEST DIY CELLPHONE ROBOT TUTORIAL

Wall's Corners

Link Author

Title: MOBILE CONTROLLED ROBOT: BEST DIY CELLPHONE ROBOT TUTORIAL
Author: Wall's Corners
Rating 5 of 5 Des:

Hello World! In this post I will be showing you how to make a cellphone controlled robot. Controlling a robot using a cellphone is not as co...

<p>Hello World! In this post I will be showing you how to make a cellphone controlled robot. Controlling a robot using a cellphone is not as complicated as you might think. It is a very simple project that you can make with a few components and in very little time. This robot has the advantage of range as the controlling range of the mobile controlled robot is as large as the coverage area of the network provider.</p>
<p>This project can be made in two methods:</p>
<ol>
<li>Without using micro controllers (hence no coding is required)</li>
<li>Using Micro controllers (Atmega/ Arduino) which requires coding</li>
</ol>
<p>In this post, I will be making the mobile controlled robot using the 1st method (without Micro controllers).</p>
<h4>What are the stuff required to do this?</h4>
<p><a href="http://bit.ly/1rVsX2s" target="_blank"><img alt="Mobile controlled Robot" class="alignright wp-image-7713 size-full" height="299" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px" src="http://bit.ly/1rVsX2s" srcset="http://bit.ly/1OAQE4J 400x, http://bit.ly/1rVsI7A 300x" width="400" /></a></p>
<ol>
<li>MT8870 / CM8870 DTMF decoder IC</li>
<li>2 cellphones</li>
<li>L293D Motor driver IC</li>
<li>3.5mm Jack</li>
<li>3.57Mhz Crystal</li>
<li>Perf board</li>
<li>100k, 300k,1k Resistor</li>
<li>0.1uf Ceramic capacitor</li>
<li>10uf capacitor</li>
<li>7805 Voltage regulator IC</li>
<li>9v/12v Geared motor</li>
<li>9v/12v Battery</li>
<li>Chassis and Wheel for Robot</li>
</ol>
<h4>How does it work?</h4>
<p>The robot is controlled by a cellphone that makes a call to a second cellphone that is attached to the bot. When any key is pressed on the controlling phone, while the phones are connected on call, a tone corresponding to the key is heard at the receiving end of the call. This tone is called a <a href="http://bit.ly/1OAQESi" target="_blank">Dual Tone Multi Frequency (DTMF)</a>. When the mobile robot receives this DTMF tone through the phone, the tone is accepted through the DTMF decoder MT8870 IC. This IC decodes the DTMF tone to its equivalent binary digit and this binary number is sent to the motor driver L293D. The decision for movement of the mobile robot is then taken by the Motor Driver. This controls the geared motors accordingly to provide forward, backward, left or right motions. You can use the table for understanding the controls of the robot.</p>
<div id="attachment_7715" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="http://bit.ly/1rVsuxk" target="_blank"><img alt="Mobile controlled robot" class="wp-image-7715 size-full" height="199" sizes="(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px" src="http://bit.ly/1rVsuxk" srcset="http://bit.ly/1OAQCtE 500x, http://bit.ly/1rVsQUH 300x" width="500" /></a>
<p class="wp-caption-text">DTMF Table</p>
</div>
<h4>Step 1: Connecting the Circuit for the Mobile Controlled Robot</h4>
<p><a href="http://bit.ly/1OAQzOx" target="_blank"><img alt="Mobile controlled robot" class="aligncenter wp-image-7716 size-full" height="322" sizes="(max-width: 903px) 100vw, 903px" src="http://bit.ly/1OAQzOx" srcset="http://bit.ly/1rVsTQl 903x, http://bit.ly/1OAQESj 300x" width="903" /></a></p>
<p>Make the circuit as per the given schematics. The circuit is divided into 4 parts:</p>
<ul>
<li>Power supply</li>
<li>CM8870 DTMF Decoder IC connection</li>
<li>L293D Motor Driver IC connection</li>
<li>3.5mm Jack Connection</li>
</ul>
<p>Power Supply</p>
<p>I have used a 12V geared motor for my robot here, so I needed a 12 power supply for it. But the two ICs in the circuit can handle only 5V supply. So, to regulate the voltage I have used a <a href="http://bit.ly/1rVsUU9" target="_blank">7805IC</a>. It takes the input voltage of 12V and gives a regulated output of 5V for the IC. For making these connections:<a href="http://bit.ly/1OAQsCD" target="_blank"><img alt="Mobile controlled robot" class=" size-full wp-image-7740 alignright" height="203" src="http://bit.ly/1OAQsCD" width="210" /></a></p>
<ol>
<li>Solder the IC7805 (Voltage Regulator) to the perfboard and place a 10 µF capacitor with its legs at the INPUT & GND pins of IC 7805. Place another 10µF capacitor between the GND & OUTPUT of IC7805.</li>
<li>Take the positive supply from the battery and connect it to INPUT of IC 7805. Also connect its negative supply to GND.</li>
<li>You will receive 5V supply at the output pin. To verify the power flow, connect an LED to the output pin via a 1K resistor.</li>
</ol>
<p>CM8870 DTMF Decoder IC circuit</p>
<ol>
<li>Solder the DTMF Decoder IC on the perfboard & connect the legs of 3.57Mhz crystal to Pin 7 and 8.</li>
<li>Solder a 100K resistor from Pin 3 to Pin 2. Connect one end of another 100K resistor to Pin 3 and the other end to a 0.1µf ceramic capacitor. Leave the connection of other end of the ceramic capacitor free. I will discuss it in a later step (3.5mm Audio Jack Connection).</li>
<li>Solder a 0.1uf ceramic capacitor between Pins 17 and 18</li>
<li>Solder a 330K resistor to Pin 17 from Pin 16</li>
<li>Join Pin 1 and Pin 4 together.</li>
<li>Join Pin 5, Pin 6 and Pin 9 together and connect it to GND.</li>
<li>Join Pin 10 and Pin 18 together and connect it to OUTPUT pin of IC7805 (5v)</li>
<li>Pins 11, 12, 13, 14 are the output pins of the DTMF Decoder which are to be connected to the Pins 15, 10, 7, 2 of the Motor driver IC L293D, respectively.</li>
</ol>
<p>L293D Motor Driver IC connection</p>
<p><a href="http://bit.ly/1rVsWvf" target="_blank"><img alt="Mobile controlled robot" class=" size-full wp-image-7741 alignright" height="170" src="http://bit.ly/1rVsWvf" width="300" /></a></p>
<ol>
<li>Provide 5v supply to Pins 1, 9 and 16 of L293D.</li>
<li>Pin 8 is given the voltage(12V) for the Motors, so it is connected to INPUT of IC7805.</li>
<li>Pins 4, 5, 12 and 13 are to connected to GND.</li>
<li>Connect terminals of one motor to Pins 3 and 6  (Output 1) and terminals of the other motor to Pins 11 and 14.</li>
</ol>
<p>3.5mm Jack Connection</p>
<p>There are three different layers for the 3.5mm audio jack. These are the Tip, Ring and Sleeve. The tip and ring are connected to the GND. In the DTMF Decoder IC circuit section, we had left the connection of a 0.1µf ceramic capacitor which is to be connected to the sleeve. You can check the pictures given below for further clarification.</p>
<p><a href="http://bit.ly/1OAQwSW" target="_blank"><img alt="Mobile controlled robot" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-7742" height="225" src="http://bit.ly/1OAQwSW" width="300" /></a><a href="http://bit.ly/1rVt1iA" target="_blank"><img alt="Mobile controlled robot" class=" wp-image-7719 size-full alignnone" height="269" src="http://bit.ly/1rVt1iA" width="265" /></a></p>
<h4>Step 2: Assembling circuit and parts on the Chassis</h4>
<p>After completing the circuit on the perfboard, connect the 3.5mm audio jack to the mobile phone placed on the mobile robot. Turn on the auto answer mode in the call settings of the receiver phone. Enable keypad tones in the cell phone that will be used for making the call. Switch on the 12V power supply to the circuit. Now the robot is ready to be controlled through your mobile phone. Make a call to the receiver mobile on the robot and use the above table for the controls of the robot. Check out the working of the cellphone operated robot here in this video:</p>
<p> </p>
<p><iframe width="678" height="381" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/eOg4xsWzhJo?feature=oembed" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen=""></iframe></p>
<p> </p>
<p> </p>
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MOBILE CONTROLLED ROBOT: BEST DIY CELLPHONE ROBOT TUTORIAL

Hello World! In this post I will be showing you how to make a cellphone controlled robot. Controlling a robot using a cellphone is not as co...

BUILD RASPBERRY PI ROBOTS: BEST TUTORIAL FOR BEGINNERS

Wall's Corners

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Title: BUILD RASPBERRY PI ROBOTS: BEST TUTORIAL FOR BEGINNERS
Author: Wall's Corners
Rating 5 of 5 Des:

If you are a beginner to Raspberry Pi and were looking for a simple hardware project, then look no further. This tutorial will show you to ...

<p>If you are a beginner to <a href="http://bit.ly/1T5ac2c" itemprop="url" target="_bank" title="Raspberry"><strong>Raspberry</strong></a> Pi and were looking for a simple hardware project, then look no further. This tutorial will show you to develop a <a href="http://bit.ly/1TqSFlj" itemprop="url" target="_bank" title="python"><strong>python</strong></a> based robot which avoids obstacles and navigates freely.<br />
Obstacle avoiding robots are fairly common and easy to make. Here, you can use this project to add object avoidance functionality to your robot. Or simply use it to start messing around with <a href="http://bit.ly/1WT6RcI" itemprop="url" target="_bank" title="Raspberry Pi GPIO Pins and Python"><strong>python</strong></a> and the hardware peripherals on <a href="http://bit.ly/27AS0Iw" itemprop="url" target="_bank" title="Simple LED control with the Raspberry Pi"><strong>raspberry</strong></a> pi. This system uses IR modules to detect objects, but we will get to the technical side later. So, if you have a <a href="http://bit.ly/1T1Ll2n" itemprop="url" target="_bank" title="Create your own musical light show with Raspberry Pi"><strong>raspberry</strong></a> pi and want to build something based on hardware using it, just scroll down and have fun :). Check out the video at the bottom to see how the raspberry pi robot works. And if you are a true beginner, you can always use our free <a href="http://bit.ly/27AROcc" target="_blank">eBook</a> on Raspberry Pi and Arduino to get started from step 0.</p>
<div id="attachment_7401" class="wp-caption alignright"><a href="http://bit.ly/1TZXCoc" target="_blank"><img alt="Raspberry Pi robot DIY Hacking" class="wp-image-7401 size-full" height="325" sizes="(max-width: 436px) 100vw, 436px" src="http://bit.ly/1TZXCoc" srcset="http://bit.ly/27AS5ff 436w, http://bit.ly/1TZXo0l 300w" width="436" /></a>
<p class="wp-caption-text">Raspberry Pi robot components</p>
</div>
<p><strong>What are the stuff required to do this?</strong></p>
<div>
<ol>
<li>Raspberry Pi B/B+ or 2 and basic peripherals: SD card, <a href="http://bit.ly/1TaIn8U" itemprop="url" target="_bank" title="keyboard"><strong>keyboard</strong></a>, mouse, etc.</li>
<li>IR sensor modules like <a href="http://bit.ly/1TZXAg4" target="_blank">this</a>.</li>
<li>Geared <a href="http://bit.ly/27AS0bt" target="_blank">DC motors</a>.</li>
<li>L293D driver <a href="http://bit.ly/1TZXxkq" target="_blank">board</a>.</li>
<li>Robot <a href="http://bit.ly/27ARUkj;" target="_blank">chassis</a> and <a href="http://bit.ly/1TZXbdD" target="_blank">wheels</a>.</li>
<li>Caster <a href="http://bit.ly/27AS7E0" target="_blank">wheel</a>.</li>
<li>Breadboard and double side tape.</li>
<li>Male to male/Female to male jumpers.</li>
<li>9V Battery and connectors.</li>
<li>Push button and 220R resistor.</li>
</ol>
</div>
<p><strong>How does it work?</strong></p>
<p>The entire working of this robot is really simple, nothing to sweat about <img alt=":)" class="wp-smiley" src="http://bit.ly/1VNqWSO" style="height: 1em; max-height: 1em;" /> The whole system avoids colliding into obstacles thanks to its onboard sensors. Here, this robot uses two IR sensor modules which can detect objects within a range of 5-6cm. This sensor outputs a digital LOW (0V) signal when there is an object within its range. And outputs a digital HIGH (5V) signal otherwise.</p>
<div id="attachment_976" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="http://bit.ly/27ARV7P" target="_blank"><img alt="Raspberry Pi robot DIY Hacking" class="wp-image-976" height="368" sizes="(max-width: 281px) 100vw, 281px" src="http://bit.ly/1TZXuFk" srcset="http://bit.ly/27ARRER 349w, http://bit.ly/1TZXpRZ 229w" width="281" /></a>
<p class="wp-caption-text">IR sensor on the raspberry pi robot</p>
</div>
<p>So how does these IR sensors work? IR stands for Infra Red, which is a wavelength of light not visible to the human eye (but can be seen through our smartphone cameras!). These modules consist of a pair of receiver and transmitter IR leds. When an object gets in front of the IR sensor, the surface of the object reflects a part of the IR light back to the receiver. Thus, the receiver then outputs a LOW signal notifying that an object is in front of the sensor.</p>
<div id="attachment_952" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="http://bit.ly/27ARYQS" target="_blank"><img alt="Raspberry Pi robot DIY Hacking" class="wp-image-952" height="451" sizes="(max-width: 436px) 100vw, 436px" src="http://bit.ly/27ARYQS" srcset="http://bit.ly/1TZXftW 546w, http://bit.ly/27ARWsr 290w" width="436" /></a>
<p class="wp-caption-text">Raspberry Pi robot</p>
</div>
<p>These sensors are wired to the GPIO input pins of the raspberry pi. The pi then using a python script checks whether the GPIO pins connected to the IR sensor modules goes low. If it does go low, then it commands the DC motors to move in the reverse direction first and then turn. Moreover, this robot is initially activated when we push the button on the breadboard, after which the raspberry pi commands the DC motors to move forward via the L293D driver board. You can check out the demo video at the bottom of this page to see how this robot works.</p>
<h4>Step 1: Connecting the IR Sensors for the raspberry pi robot</h4>
<div id="attachment_958" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="http://bit.ly/1TZXkxM" target="_blank"><img alt="Raspberry Pi robot DIY Hacking" class="wp-image-958" height="441" sizes="(max-width: 609px) 100vw, 609px" src="http://bit.ly/1TZXkxM" srcset="http://bit.ly/27AS8ro 894w, http://bit.ly/1TZXwNs 300w" width="609" /></a>
<p class="wp-caption-text">Raspberry Pi GPIO pin out</p>
</div>
<p>First, you need to turn ON your raspberry pi after connecting it to the monitor, keyboard, etc. Then we need to check the IR sensor modules. To do this, connect the IR modules to your raspberry pi as shown in the following diagram. Power the sensor by providing 5V (+ pin), GND (- pin) from the raspberry pi. And connect the B pin on the sensors to raspberry pi’s GPIO pins 3 and 16. You can check out the raspberry pi GPIO pin out as per the pin diagram here. We are using the GPIO.BOARD configuration, which means the pins are numbered based on their normal order on the board (1,2,3,..). Read the pin configuration on the sensor module and connect correspondingly.</p>
<div id="attachment_7402" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="http://bit.ly/27ARZV6" target="_blank"><img alt="Raspberry Pi robot DIY Hacking" class="wp-image-7402 size-full" height="568" sizes="(max-width: 381px) 100vw, 381px" src="http://bit.ly/27ARZV6" srcset="http://bit.ly/1TZXyVF 381w, http://bit.ly/27AS3nI 201w" width="381" /></a>
<p class="wp-caption-text">Connection diagram- Raspberry Pi IR sensor</p>
</div>
<p>Next, you need to copy and paste the following code and save it as a python file- irtest.py:</p>
<pre>
<code>import RPi.GPIO as GPIO
import time
GPIO.setwarnings(False)
GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BOARD)
GPIO.setup(3, GPIO.IN)                            #Right sensor connection
GPIO.setup(16, GPIO.IN, pull_up_down=GPIO.PUD_UP) #Left sensor connection
while True:
          i=GPIO.input(3)                         #Reading output of right IR sensor
          j=GPIO.input(16)                        #Reading output of left IR sensor
          if i==0:                                #Right IR sensor detects an object
               print "Obstacle detected on Left",i
               time.sleep(0.1)
          elif j==0:                              #Left IR sensor detects an object
               print "Obstacle detected on Right",j
               time.sleep(0.1)
</code>
</pre>
<p>After saving this file and running it: “sudo python irtest.py”. You will notice that when you block the sensor with your hand, following output gets printed on the screen:</p>
<div id="attachment_965" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="http://bit.ly/1TZXyVH" target="_blank"><img alt="Raspberry Pi robot DIY Hacking" class="wp-image-965" height="266" sizes="(max-width: 384px) 100vw, 384px" src="http://bit.ly/1TZXyVH" srcset="http://bit.ly/27ARVV6 708w, http://bit.ly/1TZXhC4 300w" width="384" /></a>
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<p class="wp-caption-text">IR sensor output from python</p>
</div>
<h4>Step 2: Connecting the motors with L293D</h4>
<p>After testing the IR sensor modules, next you need to connect and test the L293D module and the motors. Power the L293D module by connecting the + and – pins of the board to the 9V battery. Also, connect the “-” of the board to the GND of raspberry pi. You can refer to the connection diagram here for completing the connections:</p>
<div id="attachment_7403" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="http://bit.ly/27AS0sa" target="_blank"><img alt="Raspberry Pi robot DIY Hacking" class="wp-image-7403" height="391" sizes="(max-width: 516px) 100vw, 516px" src="http://bit.ly/27AS0sa" srcset="http://bit.ly/1TZXmFU 658w, http://bit.ly/27AS5vL 300w" width="516" /></a>
<p class="wp-caption-text">Raspberry Pi robot connection diagram</p>
</div>
<p>Next, you have to provide the inputs to the board. Four output GPIO pins from the raspberry pi control the direction of rotation of the two motors. The two terminals of the motors are then connected to the 4 output terminals of the board. The motors then, based on the command from the raspberry pi are powered by the 9V battery. The logic for controlling the motors from the raspberry pi is as given below:</p>
<div id="attachment_966" class="wp-caption alignleft"><a href="http://bit.ly/1TZXmFW" target="_blank"><img alt="Raspberry Pi robot DIY Hacking" class="wp-image-966" height="179" src="http://bit.ly/1TZXmFW" width="309" /></a>
<p class="wp-caption-text">L293D raspberry pi control logic</p>
</div>
<p>Here, HIGH means 5V signal or digital 1 and LOW is 0V signal or digital 0. Eg: GPIO.output(5,1), this command sends a HIGH signal (digital 1) to pin no 5 on the raspberry pi. Thus each motor’s direction can be controlled by writing HIGH/LOW signals through two GPIO pins from the raspberry pi.</p>
<p>Next, you need to wire a push button to the raspberry pi as shown in the above connection diagram. This button is used to activate and de activate the robot. After wiring the robot, you need to attach the wheels. Use double side tape to fix the parts together on the robot chassis. After which, you will have a setup that almost looks like this:</p>
<div id="attachment_7404" class="wp-caption alignnone"><a href="http://bit.ly/27ARUAP" target="_blank"><img alt="Raspberry Pi robot DIY Hacking" class="wp-image-7404 size-full" height="274" sizes="(max-width: 731px) 100vw, 731px" src="http://bit.ly/27ARUAP" srcset="http://bit.ly/1TZXfdw 731w, http://bit.ly/27ARY3u 300w" width="731" /></a>
<p class="wp-caption-text">Raspberry Pi robot assembly</p>
</div>
<p>After connecting the motors you need to check them. Use the code below to check the motors and the L293D. Make sure you have powered the driver board (L293D) and given the connections as per the above diagram. After that, copy the code below and save it as a python file: motor.py on your raspberry pi. Then run it using the command: sudo python motor.py. You will notice that both the motors rotate in one direction first and then after a second rotates in the opposite direction. This process repeats until you interrupt it.</p>
<pre>
<code>import RPi.GPIO as GPIO
import time
GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BOARD)
GPIO.setup(5,GPIO.OUT)   #Left motor input A
GPIO.setup(7,GPIO.OUT)   #Left motor input B
GPIO.setup(11,GPIO.OUT)  #Right motor input A
GPIO.setup(13,GPIO.OUT)  #Right motor input B
GPIO.setwarnings(False)

while True:
        print "Rotating both motors in clockwise direction"
        GPIO.output(5,1)
        GPIO.output(7,0)
        GPIO.output(11,1)
        GPIO.output(13,0)
        time.sleep(1)     #One second delay

print "Rotating both motors in anticlockwise direction"
        GPIO.output(5,0)
        GPIO.output(7,1)
        GPIO.output(11,0)
        GPIO.output(13,1)
        time.sleep(1)     </code>#One second delay
</pre>
<h4>Step 3: Uploading the code for the raspberry pi robot</h4>
<p>After completing all the hardware setup, you need to download and copy this python program from <a href="http://bit.ly/1TZXzJ6" target="_blank">here</a> to your raspberry pi. This program called: <a href="http://bit.ly/1TZXzJ6" target="_blank">robot.py</a>, when executed using this command: sudo python robot.py, will bring life to your robot and it will begin moving when you press the push button. And you will notice how it avoids objects in front of its sensors and navigates freely.</p>
<div id="attachment_7399" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="http://bit.ly/27ARVED" target="_blank"><img alt="Raspberry Pi robot DIY Hacking" class=" wp-image-7399" height="326" sizes="(max-width: 570px) 100vw, 570px" src="http://bit.ly/27ARVED" srcset="http://bit.ly/1TZXAwy 673w, http://bit.ly/27ARRVn 300w" width="570" /></a>
<p class="wp-caption-text">Raspberry Pi robot DIY Hacking</p>
</div>
<p>This program is really simple. The robot is activated when the user presses the push button, after that the robot moves forward and checks whether any obstacles show up in front of it. Whenever your IR modules detects an object within 5cm in front of it, it tells the raspberry pi that an object is near it (sending digital LOW signals). Then the pi sends commands to the motor, making it move in the reverse direction and then turning right/left and again the robot moves forward by dodging the object. The robot gets de activated when we press the push button again.</p>
<p>After copying the code to your raspberry pi, you can make it truly wireless by using a smartphone battery bank to power it. And a USB wifi dongle to communicate with it. You can either extend the display of your laptop via VNC server and a LAN cable by using this <a href="http://bit.ly/1TZXuVJ" target="_blank">tutorial</a>. Or use SSH to connect remotely to your pi from the terminal wirelessly using this <a href="http://bit.ly/27AS0rZ" target="_blank">tutorial</a>. And finally, check out the video showing the raspberry pi robot in action:</p>
<p><iframe width="678" height="381" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/cRIH-ZkM_oc?feature=oembed" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen=""></iframe></p>
<p> </p>
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